Crucible-furnace.



BATENTBD ,JUNE 30, 1908.

No.8921ff12.

E. H.-SGHWARTZ. CRUGIBLE FURNAGE. APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 1e. lena.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1..

,PATENTED JUNE 30, 1908.

B. H. SCHWARTZ. CRUGIBLE PURNAE.

APPLIOATION'PILED nm. 11a. moa:l

2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

UNITED s'frArns PATENT crimen.

EDWARD H.

SCHWARTZ, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO KROESCHELL BROTHERS COMPANY,OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

' CRUCIBLE-FURNACE.

Y No. 892,012.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented .Tune 30, 1908.

Application lefl January 16, 1908. Serial No. 411,038.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Beit known that I, EDWARD H. SCHWARTZ,

y a citizen of the United States of America,

and resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented a certainnew and useful Improvement in Crucible-Furnaces, of which 'the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in crucible lfurnaces, and has forits object the production of a furnace in which the flame is givenagyratory action, thereby increasing the draft and the effectiveness ofthe furnace.

A further object is the production of a furnacein which the. danger ofclogging by the overflowing of slag or material is reduced to a minimum.

.fiirther object is the production of a furnace the parts of which canbey readily assembled and disassembled, and one that is least liable toget out of order.

These and such other objects as may hereinafter appear are attained bymy device,

embodiments of which, are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich v 'gure 1 represents a side elevation of my furnace. Fig. 2 is anenlarged sectional view ofthe burner'. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectionalview through the center of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is .a sectional view on line1,-4 of F ig. 3, looking in the direction indicated by arrows. Likenumerals of reference indicate like parts in the several figures of thedrawings. Referring to the drawings-5 represents the outer cylindricalshell or casing of the furnace. A'sup'porting bottom partition 6 dividesthe furnace and forms a foundation for thebottom of the combustionchamber and the top for the air chamber 7 located below the combustionchamber. A circular base of'iire-brick 8 having a raised central portion9 is first placed within the casing, sufficient space being preferablyleft between it and the inner periphery of the shell to permit theinsertion of a lining 10 of asbestos or like material. The base 8 isprovided with a plurality of openings 11-11 extending through thethinner portion thereof, a single opening 12 inner periphery or shell ofthe lining is provided with a groove or channel 15 extending spirallythe entire length of the combustion chain ber.l A circular rim 16 issecured to the top of the casing, and to this is secured a cover 17comprising a metallic outer portion 18 anda fire-brick lining 19. Aportion of) the cover extends upwardly, forming a stack! 20 with thecentral opening 21. A packing 22 of asbestos or similar material isinserted between the outer portion 17 and the firebrick 19 correspondingto the asbestos lining of the main body of the furnace.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 4, a portion of the casing is cut away anda horizontal tubular yportion 23 bolted thereto, as shown at 24, havinga cylindrical fire-brick 25 inside provided with a passage 26registering with the `passage 27 from the combustion chamber. It will benoted that this tube is so placed that the outer line of the passages26, 27 is tangential to the outer periphery of the combustion chamber.An air tube 2S is provided with an elbow 29 extending into andclosingrthe passage 26. A gas supply tube 30 has a portion 31 extendinginto the air pi e 2S terminating iii a conical orifice 32. A va ve-stem33 is provided with a conical end 34 adapted to register with' theorifice 32. A` bevel gear 35 is seated on the end of the. valve-seatoutside of the pipe, and meshes with'an extending bevel gear 36 attachedto the bottom of a handle or rod 37 which terminates in a handle 38 nearthe upper line of the furnace. A supporting frame 39 secured to aprolongation 40 of the valve-steniseives to hold the rod 38 in lace. Asu` plcmental air pipe 41 extends townward y from the elbow 29 and isturned inwardly at 42, whereby air from said air pipe may be forceddirectly into the chamber 7 through the opening 43 in the air chamber.

' The furnace is placed in position with the top practically on a levelwith the floor.

Brass scraps or other material to be melted are placed within a crucible44, the bottom resting on the top f the upwardly projecting base 9. Theair and oil or gas is admitted through the tubes andigiiited, foiming` aflame within the combustion chamber. When oil is used as the fuel, thevalvestem 33 is screwed back aid sufficiently to allow the desiredamount of oil to be forced through the orifice 32 around the outerperiphery ofthe conical end 34.. This oil is preferably forced through'theopehing underl forming to the position ci" considerable pressure, inthe form oi a. thin sheet in the position vasshown in dotted iines @it45.

end .of the oil tube and iines at 46. The oil is, therefore, quicklyvaporized,' and the resulting mixture is ignited Within the combustionchamber. it will be noted that theedge of the passage 27 is tangentiaito the inner'periphery of the Wall of "the combustion chamber,consequently, as the ignited' mixture enters the combustion chamber andstrikes the opposite Wall at di?, and is naturally forced about thechamber, the spiral groove "i5 aidingI in the. assage of the ignitedgases about the com ustion. chamber, causing a gyra'tory niotion. it isevident, ii the burning vapor is admitted Without materiali pressure,that the burrung gas would tend to rise in the combustion chamber on theside' nearest the vapori/fier.

t the same tact With the oil or iiuid to be ig] time tb at air is forcedinto con- 'iL s ,j rituali, et

through the suppiemeniai tube 4i, el' is blown into the a chamber ',iheignitera gases being thronn forcibly across the bottom of the combustionchamber, and natie. rally tending to rise in glyratory ciwienls conthe s.l

an upward draft is created tending to draw the' from the air chamber 7into the com-- bustion chamber, and Athere oy aid in the completecombustion of the ignited materiail. lt will thusbe seen that shortlyafter, the iurnace is lighted, the entire chamber outside oi theCrucible is a mass or" upwardly gyrating ilanies. The top oi the furnacerevents the escape of the greater part oi" the urning gas, although asmali portion ordi.

narily comes out o the s'taclili. it will thus be seen that i haveproduced a iurnace 'especially adapted to reduce bars or other desiredmaterial in a orucible that can be entireiy surrounded by the productsoi combustion. The opening l2 from the'air chamber 7 to the combustionchamber is covered byA the bottom of the cruciiile Lie. The bottom ofthe Crucible, as Well as the top oi' the upwardly projecting portion 9are not so smooth as to render the union therebetween perfect.Consequently suicient air passes upwardly through this passage andbetween the bottom of the Crucible and the top of the support to preventthe crucible from sticking to the top of the sup ort, and also preventsthe formation of s ag therebetween. @i course, during the melting of thecontents orp the crucible the slag will often be forced over -lthe edgeand down through the bottom of So, also, seine beliused to the he thecombustion chamber. portionspif the lining itself may under the intenseheat and be carried The air through the' pipe or tube 28' passes aroundthe meets thelthin sheet of oii asshown in dotted' essere intense heat,be a state, and readily run down through the passages i-l i through thebottom and into the air chamuberzirom 'which it can: be removed fromtime to time. The cover oi the furnace and 'all oai-ts thereof areremovable, so

that inthe event that it becomes necessai 'any portion oi' the furnacecan be quie renewed.

i claim:

i. A furnace comprising an outer-casing, an in ier hrung oi refractorymateriai, a crucibie support, 'and means for imparting a gyratorymotionto the flame and products of combustion, and lan air chamber inopen communication with the combustion chamf.

ber ci said furnace.

e iurnaco comprisingtan outer casing,

an inner hrung of rei'ractorymaterial, a base j inateriai, a crucibiesupport, imparting a gyra-tory inaction lo products of combustion, andin open communifation with, the eomousiic`V :hambei ci mici furnacel" v3 l ce con@l ing an outer casing, ring or refrectorv material, a baseoriai, said base having an oi .retracto meano i the iis-.me and an airopening i-, support, means for imparting agyratory motion to the 'Frameand products of com busti/on, iid an chamber in open comw monica withthe combustion chamber' of said urnace.

n combu ion chamber,

com1

an anv chamber in tending tangentiaiiy from combustion chamber, and

with' said passage'.

5. i comprising a spirally giooved combustion chamber, an vair chamberin communication therewith a *cassa K J u.

t lv Eroml said coiiibu l cham;- oer, a vaporizcr, commumcatmgrnth saidpassage, and a supplemental tubo. co'iinect ing the air supply oi saidvaporijzer'with the air chamber. c

o. in a furnace, a combustion chamber, an outer casing, an inner iiniiigci refractory materiai having a spiral channel in its inner periphery,an air chamber below said comn bustion chamber and in communication withsaid combustion chamber, a. vaporizer com prising an air suppiyg an oilsupply, and means vtor regulating said supply.

7 in a furnace, a combustion chamber, an oluter casing, an inneriiiiiiiig oi refractory material having a spiral charmeA in its innerperiphery, an air chamber below said coinbustion chamber and incommunication with said combustion chamber, a va orizer comprising anair supply, an oil. supp y and means for reguiating said supply, and atube leading iron seid air suppiy to said air chambei:

tirirethrough, a crucibie arterial 'unece comprising spirally groovedico ,nication therewith, al, passage eX. c

vaporizer commumcating 'Y los It l@ S. A furnace comprising a casing, acombustion chamber, means for imparting a gyratory motion to the ame andproducts of combustion, an apertured base, an air chamber below saidcombustion chamber in communication therewith and with the atmosphere,and vaporivzing means communi- 1eating With said combustion chamber.

9. A furnace comprlsing a spirally groovecl z d combustion chamber, anair chamber in communication therewith, a passage extending tangentiallyfrom said combustion chamber, avaporizer communicating with saidpassage, and a communicating pipe connecting the air supply of saidvaporizer with said 15 air chamber.

10. A furnace comprising a spirally grooved combustion chamber, an airchamber in communication therewith, and a fuel feeding passage openingtangentially into 20 said combustion chamber. y

Signed by me at Chicago, Illinois, this 7th ay of January, 1.908.

EDWARD H. SCHWARTZ.

